:root{color-scheme:only light;--paper:#f7f5ee;--white:#fffef9;--ink:#142b35;--muted:#5d6b6b;--line:#d8ddd5;--lime:#d9ef88;--coral:#f2a390;--pale:#e8eee8;--serif:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;--sans:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;--max:1240px}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:100px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--sans);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit}button,a,input,select,textarea{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}button,a{touch-action:manipulation}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button{cursor:pointer}svg{display:block}button svg,a svg{pointer-events:none}p{line-height:1.65}::selection{background:var(--lime);color:var(--ink)}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #8b543d;outline-offset:5px}button:disabled{cursor:default}[hidden]{display:none!important}.wrap{width:min(var(--max),calc(100% - 96px));margin-inline:auto}.skip-link{position:fixed;top:8px;left:8px;padding:12px 18px;z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:white;transform:translateY(-160%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:none}.preview-banner{min-height:33px;background:var(--ink);color:#f0f3e8;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:1.7px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:9px;text-transform:uppercase}.preview-dot{width:5px;height:5px;background:var(--lime);border-radius:50%}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--paper);position:relative;z-index:10}.header-inner{height:91px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}.brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;white-space:nowrap}.brand-mark{width:38px;height:42px;display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--lime);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:34px;line-height:1;border-radius:1px}.brand-name{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:700;font-size:27px;letter-spacing:-1.2px}.brand-name span{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.4px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:super;margin-left:5px;font-weight:700}.main-nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:32px;font-size:13px}.main-nav a{padding:9px 0}.main-nav a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:6px}.nav-note{display:flex;gap:7px;align-items:center;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.1px;text-transform:uppercase}.nav-note i{height:6px;width:6px;background:#6c826c;border-radius:50%}.hero{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.45fr .7fr;gap:70px;padding-block:70px 62px;align-items:end}.eyebrow{font-size:10px;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:1.7px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center}.eyebrow:before{content:'';width:26px;height:1px;background:currentColor}.hero h1{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:clamp(44px,4.9vw,68px);font-weight:400;line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-2.7px;margin:25px 0 0}.hero h1 em{font-weight:400;font-style:italic;position:relative}.hero-description{max-width:330px;padding-bottom:5px}.hero-description p{font-size:15px;margin:0 0 25px;color:var(--muted)}.text-link{font-size:12px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;font-weight:700;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);padding-bottom:8px}.text-link svg{width:17px;height:17px}.featured{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);position:relative;overflow:hidden;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.2fr 1fr;min-height:365px}.featured-content{padding:37px 44px 39px;position:relative;z-index:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.featured-top{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:17px;margin-bottom:28px}.badge{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.4px;font-weight:700;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:7px 10px;border-radius:2px;line-height:1.1}.badge.light{border-color:#718086;color:#f2f6e9}.featured-label{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.8px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;color:#c7d3cc}.featured h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;font-size:clamp(28px,3.3vw,43px);line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-.9px;max-width:560px;margin:0 0 16px}.featured p{color:#d2dacf;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 27px;max-width:440px;line-height:1.6}.featured-bottom{display:flex;width:100%;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;margin-top:auto}.featured-read{display:inline-flex;gap:16px;align-items:center;background:var(--lime);color:var(--ink);padding:13px 18px;font-size:11px;font-weight:700}.featured-read:hover{background:#e9f9b6}.featured-read svg{width:16px;height:16px}.read-time{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.3px;white-space:nowrap}.featured-art{position:relative;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;isolation:isolate;background:#1c343e;border-left:1px solid #3e5054}.featured-art:before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;opacity:.3;background-image:linear-gradient(#58706f 1px,transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg,#58706f 1px,transparent 1px);background-size:40px 40px;mask-image:linear-gradient(120deg,black,transparent)}.art-svg{position:relative;width:88%;height:auto;max-height:340px}.art-caption{position:absolute;left:27px;bottom:18px;font-size:8px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:2px;color:#a5b7b4}.editorial-line{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding-block:18px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);font-size:10px;line-height:1.5}.editorial-line .tiny-caps{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1.3px;font-size:9px;flex-shrink:0}.archive{padding-block:70px 76px}.section-heading{display:flex;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px;margin-bottom:28px}.section-heading h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;font-size:39px;letter-spacing:-1.1px;margin:0;line-height:1.15}.section-heading p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin:0;max-width:290px}.search-panel{display:flex;align-items:center;border:1px solid #cdd5cc;background:var(--white);padding:0 18px;gap:13px;height:55px}.search-panel svg{width:20px;height:20px;flex-shrink:0;color:#64746f}.search-panel input{width:100%;height:100%;border:0;outline:0;background:transparent;font-size:13px;min-width:0;color:var(--ink)}.search-panel:focus-within{outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:2px}.clear-search{border:0;background:transparent;padding:8px;line-height:1;font-size:20px;color:var(--muted)}.filters{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:16px;justify-content:space-between;padding-block:18px 24px}.country-filters{display:flex;gap:7px;flex-wrap:wrap}.filter-button{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:9px 12px;border-radius:2px}.filter-button[aria-pressed=true]{color:var(--white);background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink)}.filter-button:hover:not([aria-pressed=true]){border-color:var(--ink)}.topic-filter{display:flex;gap:9px;align-items:center;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted)}.topic-filter select{border:0;color:var(--ink);background:transparent;font-size:11px;max-width:215px;padding:8px 20px 8px 7px}.results-meta{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 16px;letter-spacing:.3px;min-height:15px}.article-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px}.case-card{border:1px solid var(--line);display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--white);transition:transform .18s,border-color .18s;min-width:0}.case-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);border-color:#91a095}.card-top{padding:24px 25px 20px;min-height:105px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:start;background:var(--pale)}.case-card:nth-child(2) .card-top{background:#efeadc}.case-card:nth-child(3) .card-top{background:#f1e6de}.card-top .badge{border-color:#acbbae;font-size:9px}.case-number{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:43px;line-height:1;color:#496257;font-style:italic}.case-card:nth-child(2) .case-number{color:#786748}.case-card:nth-child(3) .case-number{color:#8d6152}.card-content{padding:25px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}.case-topic{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.3px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:#627667;margin:0 0 13px;line-height:1.5}.case-card :is(h3,h4){font-family:var(--serif);font-size:26px;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-.5px;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 13px}.case-card :is(h3,h4) a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.case-summary{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.65;margin:0 0 23px}.case-court{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.5;margin-top:auto;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.card-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-top:18px;font-size:10px}.card-bottom a{font-weight:700;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:11px}.card-bottom svg{width:15px;height:15px}.empty-state{padding:40px 20px;border:1px dashed #adb9ab;text-align:center}.empty-state h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:26px;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 12px}.empty-state p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 20px}.outline-button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;border:1px solid var(--ink);background:transparent;color:var(--ink);font-size:11px;padding:12px 16px}.outline-button:hover{background:var(--pale)}.method{display:grid;grid-template-columns:.8fr 1.2fr;gap:80px;padding-block:56px 60px;border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.method h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:39px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1.12;margin:20px 0 20px}.method-intro{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);max-width:330px}.method-steps{display:grid;gap:25px}.method-step{display:grid;grid-template-columns:30px 1fr;gap:18px}.method-step .step-number{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:15px;color:#76836f;padding-top:3px}.method-step h3{font-size:13px;margin:0 0 9px;font-weight:700}.method-step p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin:0;line-height:1.7}.source-section{padding-block:47px}.source-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:23px;gap:20px}.source-heading h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;font-size:29px;margin:0;letter-spacing:-.6px}.source-heading span{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted)}.source-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px}.source-link{display:flex;align-items:start;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;padding-bottom:18px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-size:12px;line-height:1.5}.source-link small{display:block;font-size:10px;margin-top:6px;color:var(--muted)}.source-link svg{width:15px;height:15px;flex-shrink:0;margin-top:3px}.source-link:hover .source-label{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.community{background:var(--lime);padding:28px 34px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:36px;margin-bottom:59px}.community .community-symbol{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:46px;line-height:1;flex-shrink:0;align-self:start}.community-copy{flex:1}.community h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;font-size:26px;letter-spacing:-.5px;margin:0 0 8px}.community p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;max-width:790px}.soon-tag{border:1px solid #8eaa54;padding:7px 10px;font-size:9px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;white-space:nowrap}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:31px 29px}.footer-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:40px;align-items:start}.site-footer .brand-mark{width:29px;height:33px;font-size:26px}.site-footer .brand-name{font-size:22px}.footer-description{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);margin:15px 0 0;max-width:390px;line-height:1.6}.privacy{max-width:425px;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.7;margin:0}.privacy strong{font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);display:block;margin-bottom:6px}.footer-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding-top:25px;margin-top:25px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.6px;color:var(--muted)}.footer-bottom a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.article-hero{padding-block:42px 38px;max-width:970px}.back-link{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-bottom:36px}.back-link svg{width:15px;height:15px;transform:rotate(180deg)}.article-taxonomy{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:15px;margin-bottom:21px}.article-taxonomy .case-topic{margin:0}.article-hero h1{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:clamp(34px,4.8vw,58px);line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-1.7px;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 21px;max-width:950px}.article-deck{font-size:17px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);max-width:780px;margin:0 0 25px}.article-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 25px;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.6}.article-meta strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}.ai-notice{background:#eef1e5;border-left:3px solid #97b55d;display:flex;align-items:start;gap:15px;padding:18px 21px;font-size:11px;line-height:1.7;margin-bottom:38px}.ai-notice strong{white-space:nowrap;color:var(--ink);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.4px}.ai-notice p{margin:0;color:#50604f;line-height:1.7}.article-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px minmax(0,720px);gap:76px;justify-content:center;align-items:start;padding-bottom:60px}.article-sidebar{position:sticky;top:28px}.sidebar-label{font-size:9px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.5px;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 19px}.toc{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:14px;font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;border-left:1px solid #c6d1c2;padding-left:16px;margin-bottom:28px}.toc a{color:var(--muted)}.toc a:hover{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.sidebar-source{font-size:10px;display:inline-flex;gap:9px;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:9px}.sidebar-source svg{width:12px;height:12px}.article-body{min-width:0}.article-body section{margin-bottom:34px;scroll-margin-top:28px}.article-body h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;font-size:29px;line-height:1.23;letter-spacing:-.5px;margin:0 0 16px}.article-body p{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:18px;line-height:1.8;margin:0 0 19px;color:#293d42}.article-body section:first-child p:first-of-type:first-letter{font-size:59px;font-family:var(--serif);float:left;line-height:.9;margin:8px 9px 0 0;color:var(--ink)}.case-details{border-top:2px solid var(--ink);padding:23px 25px;background:#eaf0e5;margin-block:40px 22px}.case-details h2{font-family:var(--sans);text-transform:uppercase;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1.4px;margin-bottom:18px}.case-details dl{display:grid;grid-template-columns:110px 1fr;gap:9px 16px;font-size:11px;line-height:1.6;margin:0 0 20px}.case-details dt{color:var(--muted)}.case-details dd{margin:0}.official-link{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;display:inline-flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;line-height:1.6;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.official-link svg{width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0}.article-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin-bottom:19px}.article-actions button{border:1px solid #bdc9b8;padding:11px 14px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-size:11px;background:var(--white);color:var(--ink)}.article-actions button:hover{background:#eaf0e5}.article-actions svg{width:14px;height:14px}.citation-fallback{padding:14px;border:1px solid var(--line);font-size:11px;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:20px}.citation-fallback textarea{width:100%;min-height:110px;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:10px;line-height:1.5;font-size:12px;color:var(--ink);background:var(--white);resize:vertical}.citation-fallback label{display:block;margin-bottom:10px}.comparative-note{font-size:11px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:18px;margin-bottom:30px}.article-comments{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:23px}.article-comments h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:25px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 12px}.article-comments p{font:12px/1.7 var(--sans);color:var(--muted);margin:0}.related{padding-block:42px 55px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.related h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:31px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.7px;margin:0 0 26px}.related-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:24px}.related-link{padding:24px 26px;border:1px solid var(--line);display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:13px;background:var(--white)}.related-link:hover{border-color:var(--ink)}.related-link small{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted)}.related-link span{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:23px;line-height:1.25}.related-link .read-more{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10px;margin-top:auto;font-weight:700}.toast{position:fixed;bottom:22px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%);z-index:50;background:var(--ink);color:white;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;padding:13px 20px;box-shadow:0 4px 22px #142b351f;width:max-content;max-width:calc(100% - 32px);border:1px solid #789080}.js-only[hidden]{display:none}.no-js-note{font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;background:#eee9d9;padding:12px 16px}.reading-progress{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;height:3px;background:#a2c256;z-index:80;width:0;pointer-events:none}
@media(min-width:1450px){.hero h1{font-size:70px}.hero{padding-top:83px;padding-bottom:70px}}
@media(max-width:1050px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 60px)}.hero{gap:44px;grid-template-columns:1.25fr .75fr}.hero h1{font-size:54px}.featured-content{padding:30px}.featured{grid-template-columns:1.2fr .85fr}.featured h2{font-size:34px}.featured-art .art-caption{font-size:7px;left:15px}.article-grid{gap:16px}.card-content{padding:20px}.card-top{padding:20px}.case-card :is(h3,h4){font-size:24px}.method{gap:50px}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,680px);gap:40px}.nav-note{display:none}}
@media(max-width:760px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.preview-banner{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1.5px;min-height:30px}.header-inner{height:77px;gap:20px}.brand{gap:9px}.brand-name{font-size:25px}.brand-mark{width:33px;height:37px;font-size:31px}.main-nav{gap:19px;font-size:11px}.main-nav .desktop-nav{display:none}.hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:23px;padding-block:43px 32px}.eyebrow{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1.5px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(39px,7.4vw,53px);letter-spacing:-1.6px;margin-top:20px;max-width:540px}.hero-description{max-width:none;padding:0;display:flex;gap:24px;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between}.hero-description p{font-size:13px;margin:0;max-width:440px}.hero-description .text-link{display:none}.featured{grid-template-columns:1fr .65fr;min-height:330px}.featured-content{padding:25px}.featured h2{font-size:29px}.featured-top{gap:12px;margin-bottom:21px}.featured-label{font-size:7px;letter-spacing:1.2px}.badge{font-size:9px}.featured p{font-size:11px}.featured-bottom{align-items:start;flex-direction:column;gap:13px}.featured-read{padding:12px 13px;font-size:10px}.read-time{font-size:9px}.art-svg{width:130%;max-width:none}.art-caption{display:none}.editorial-line{font-size:9px;align-items:start;gap:18px}.editorial-line .tiny-caps{display:none}.archive{padding-block:43px 46px}.section-heading{display:block;margin-bottom:23px}.section-heading h2{font-size:32px;margin-bottom:12px}.section-heading p{font-size:11px;max-width:none}.search-panel{height:51px;padding-inline:14px}.search-panel input{font-size:12px}.search-panel svg{width:18px;height:18px}.filters{gap:11px;padding-bottom:16px}.country-filters{gap:5px}.filter-button{font-size:10px;padding:9px 10px}.topic-filter{width:100%;justify-content:space-between}.topic-filter select{max-width:80%;font-size:10px;padding-right:0}.results-meta{font-size:9px}.article-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.case-card{position:relative}.card-top{min-height:auto;padding:17px 20px;align-items:center}.case-number{font-size:29px}.card-top .badge{font-size:9px}.card-content{padding:21px}.case-card :is(h3,h4){font-size:27px;line-height:1.14;max-width:600px}.case-summary{font-size:12px;margin-bottom:15px}.case-topic{font-size:8px;margin-bottom:12px}.case-court{font-size:10px;padding-top:13px}.card-bottom{font-size:10px}.method{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px;padding-block:35px 39px}.method h2{font-size:33px;margin-block:18px 15px;max-width:450px}.method-intro{max-width:550px;font-size:12px;margin-bottom:0}.method-steps{gap:22px}.method-step{gap:12px;grid-template-columns:24px 1fr}.method-step p{font-size:12px}.source-section{padding-block:35px}.source-heading{align-items:start;gap:15px}.source-heading h2{font-size:27px}.source-heading span{font-size:9px;max-width:120px;text-align:right;line-height:1.5}.source-list{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.source-link{font-size:12px;padding-bottom:17px}.source-link small{font-size:10px;margin-top:4px}.community{padding:24px;gap:15px;align-items:start;margin-bottom:39px}.community .community-symbol{font-size:32px}.community h2{font-size:24px}.community p{font-size:11px}.soon-tag{display:none}.footer-top{flex-direction:column;gap:24px}.privacy{max-width:none;font-size:10px}.footer-description{max-width:none}.footer-bottom{font-size:8px;line-height:1.7;margin-top:23px;padding-top:20px}.article-hero{padding-block:25px 28px}.back-link{margin-bottom:26px}.article-taxonomy{gap:12px;align-items:start;margin-bottom:18px}.article-taxonomy .case-topic{font-size:8px;padding-top:6px}.article-hero h1{font-size:37px;line-height:1.11;letter-spacing:-1px;margin-bottom:19px}.article-deck{font-size:15px;line-height:1.65;margin-bottom:20px}.article-meta{font-size:9px;gap:7px 16px}.ai-notice{padding:16px;display:block;font-size:10px;margin-bottom:28px}.ai-notice strong{display:block;margin-bottom:7px;font-size:9px}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px;padding-bottom:39px}.article-sidebar{position:static;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:18px}.sidebar-label{font-size:8px;margin-bottom:12px}.toc{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:10px 20px;font-size:10px;margin-bottom:17px;padding-left:11px}.sidebar-source{font-size:9px}.article-body h2{font-size:26px}.article-body p{font-size:17px;line-height:1.78}.article-body section{margin-bottom:30px}.article-body section:first-child p:first-of-type:first-letter{font-size:53px;margin-top:9px}.case-details{padding:21px 19px;margin-top:30px}.case-details dl{grid-template-columns:80px 1fr;font-size:10px;gap:9px 11px}.case-details h2{font-size:9px}.official-link{font-size:10px}.article-actions{gap:8px}.article-actions button{font-size:10px;padding:11px 12px}.comparative-note{font-size:10px}.article-comments h2{font-size:24px}.article-comments p{font-size:11px}.related{padding-block:32px 37px}.related h2{font-size:28px}.related-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:14px}.related-link{padding:20px;gap:12px}.related-link span{font-size:23px}}
@media(max-width:430px){.featured{display:block}.featured-content{padding:26px;min-height:328px}.featured-art{height:170px;border-left:0;border-top:1px solid #3e5054}.art-svg{height:215px;width:auto;transform:rotate(-7deg)}.featured h2{font-size:32px}.featured p{font-size:12px}.featured-bottom{flex-direction:row;align-items:center;gap:10px}.featured-top{margin-bottom:20px}.hero h1{font-size:42px}.hero-description p{font-size:13px}.article-hero h1{font-size:34px}.country-filters{width:100%}.filter-button{flex:1;padding-inline:7px}.main-nav{gap:14px}.community{padding:22px 18px}.community .community-symbol{display:none}.source-heading span{max-width:102px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*:before,*:after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}
@media print{.preview-banner,.site-header,.site-footer,.article-sidebar,.article-actions,.related,.article-comments,.toast,.reading-progress,.back-link,.citation-fallback{display:none!important}body{background:white;color:black}.wrap{width:100%;max-width:none}.article-layout{display:block;padding:0}.article-body{max-width:none}.article-hero{padding-top:0}.article-hero h1{font-size:30pt}.article-body p{font-size:11pt;line-height:1.55}.article-body h2{font-size:16pt}.article-body section{break-inside:avoid}.ai-notice{font-size:9pt}.case-details{break-inside:avoid}.official-link:after{content:' (' attr(href) ')';font-size:8pt;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.article-view[hidden],#home-view[hidden]{display:none!important}}

.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}

/* Publication archive: keep dates distinct from the underlying court decisions. */
.archive .section-heading .eyebrow{margin-bottom:14px}
.archive-note{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.6;margin:-9px 0 24px;max-width:750px}
.archive .filters{display:block;padding-block:18px 20px}
.archive-selects{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr 1fr;gap:18px;margin-top:21px}
.archive-selects .topic-filter{display:flex;align-items:stretch;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;font-size:11px;min-width:0;color:var(--ink)}
.archive-selects select{width:100%;max-width:none;min-width:0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:2px;background:var(--white);padding:12px 30px 12px 12px;font-size:12px;height:43px}
/* Archive search controls use a dedicated border color. */
.search-tools{--control-border:#829080}
.search-tools .search-panel,
.search-tools .archive-selects select{border-color:var(--control-border)}
.archive-results{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-bottom:22px;min-height:28px}
.archive-results .results-meta{margin:0;font-size:11px}
.clear-filters{border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--muted);padding:5px 0;color:var(--muted);background:transparent;font-size:11px;flex-shrink:0}
.clear-filters:hover{color:var(--ink)}
.archive-month + .archive-month{margin-top:38px}
.archive-month-heading{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--ink);margin-bottom:22px}
.archive-month-heading h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;font-size:29px;letter-spacing:-.6px;margin:0;line-height:1.2}
.month-count{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap}
.publication-date{font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 17px;color:var(--muted)}
.publication-date time{color:var(--ink)}
@media(max-width:760px){
 .archive .section-heading{margin-bottom:20px}
 .archive .section-heading h2{margin-bottom:12px}
 .archive-note{font-size:11px;margin:0 0 21px}
 .archive-selects{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:15px 12px;margin-top:19px}
 .archive-selects .topic-filter:first-child{grid-column:1/-1}
 .archive-selects select{font-size:11px;padding-right:20px}
 .archive-results{margin-bottom:18px}
 .archive-month-heading{margin-bottom:18px;padding-top:17px}
 .archive-month-heading h3{font-size:27px}
 .archive .publication-date{font-size:10px;margin-bottom:15px}
}
@media(max-width:360px){.main-nav{gap:10px;font-size:10px}.archive-selects{grid-template-columns:1fr}.archive-selects .topic-filter:first-child{grid-column:auto}}

/* A public page-visit total, with an explicit unavailable state instead of a fake zero. */
.privacy a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}
.visit-counter{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(220px,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr);gap:24px 48px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:26px;margin-top:30px}
.visit-counter-heading{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:8px;min-width:0}
.visit-counter-label{font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:1.2px;text-transform:uppercase}
.visit-counter-value{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:13px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.visit-counter-value.is-count{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:38px;line-height:1.15;color:var(--ink);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.visit-counter-since{font-size:11px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted)}
.visit-counter-explanation{max-width:500px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted)}
.visit-counter-explanation p{margin:0 0 9px}
.visit-counter-explanation summary{width:fit-content;cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px;padding:4px 0}
.visit-counter-explanation details p{margin-top:8px}
@media(max-width:760px){.visit-counter{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:17px;margin-top:25px;padding-top:23px}.visit-counter-value{font-size:13px}.visit-counter-value.is-count{font-size:34px}.visit-counter-explanation{max-width:none}}

/* Editorial cover: three equal readings first; the complete archive opens on demand. */
.hero{padding-block:46px 42px;gap:54px}
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(42px,4.3vw,59px)}
.latest-readings{padding-bottom:14px;scroll-margin-top:28px}
.latest-readings .section-heading{margin-bottom:25px}
.latest-readings .eyebrow{margin-bottom:12px}
.latest-readings .section-heading h2{font-size:34px}
.reading-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:24px}
.reading-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--white);display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;transition:border-color .18s}
.reading-card:hover{border-color:#91a095}
.reading-card .card-top{min-height:140px;padding:22px 24px;overflow:hidden}
.reading-card:nth-child(2) .card-top{background:#efeadc}
.reading-card:nth-child(3) .card-top{background:#f1e6de}
.reading-card:nth-child(2) .case-number{color:#786748}
.reading-card:nth-child(3) .case-number{color:#8d6152}
.reading-card .case-number{align-self:end;font-size:49px}
.reading-card .card-top.illustrated{background:#1c343e;border-color:#3e5054}
.reading-card .illustrated .badge{color:var(--paper);border-color:#718086;position:relative;z-index:1}
.card-illustration{position:absolute;right:7px;bottom:0;width:185px;height:140px;pointer-events:none}
.card-illustration .art-svg{width:100%;height:100%;max-height:none;transform:none}
.reading-card .card-content{padding:25px}
.reading-card h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:28px;line-height:1.14;letter-spacing:-.5px;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 16px}
.reading-card h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}
.reading-card .case-summary{font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;margin-bottom:23px}
.reading-card .publication-date{font-size:10px;margin-bottom:15px}
.reading-card .card-bottom{margin-top:12px;min-height:44px}
.reading-card .card-bottom a{min-height:44px;font-size:11px}
.archive{padding-block:38px 46px}
.archive .section-heading{margin-bottom:22px}
.archive .section-heading h2{font-size:34px}
.archive-disclosure{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.archive-disclosure>summary{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;min-height:72px;list-style:none;cursor:pointer;padding:17px 0}
.archive-disclosure>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.archive-summary-label{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5}
.archive-summary-count{font-size:11px;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}
.archive-toggle{display:grid;place-items:center;width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--line);font-size:23px;line-height:1;flex-shrink:0;transition:transform .18s}
.archive-disclosure>summary:hover .archive-toggle{background:var(--lime);border-color:var(--lime)}
.archive-disclosure[open] .archive-toggle{transform:rotate(45deg)}
.archive-disclosure .when-open,.archive-disclosure[open] .when-closed{display:none}
.archive-disclosure[open] .when-open{display:inline}
.archive-content{padding-block:8px 30px}
.archive-content .archive-note{margin:0 0 22px}
@media(max-width:1050px){
 .hero{gap:35px}
 .reading-grid{gap:16px}
 .reading-card .card-top{padding:18px;min-height:128px}
 .reading-card .card-content{padding:21px}
 .reading-card h3{font-size:25px}
 .card-illustration{right:0;width:169px;height:127px}
}
@media(max-width:760px){
 .hero{padding-block:31px 30px;gap:20px}
 .hero h1{font-size:clamp(36px,7.4vw,49px);margin-top:17px;letter-spacing:-1.4px}
 .hero-description p{font-size:13px}
 .latest-readings .section-heading{margin-bottom:20px}
 .latest-readings .section-heading h2,.archive .section-heading h2{font-size:29px}
 .latest-readings .section-heading p{margin-top:9px}
 .reading-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}
 .reading-card .card-top{min-height:95px;padding:18px 21px;align-items:center}
 .reading-card .card-top.illustrated{min-height:132px}
 .reading-card .case-number{font-size:35px;align-self:center}
 .reading-card .card-content{padding:22px}
 .reading-card h3{font-size:28px;max-width:580px}
 .reading-card .case-topic{font-size:9px}
 .reading-card .case-summary{font-size:13px;margin-bottom:18px}
 .reading-card .case-court{font-size:10px}
 .card-illustration{width:190px;height:143px;right:9px;bottom:-5px}
 .archive{padding-block:28px 35px}
 .archive .section-heading{margin-bottom:18px}
 .archive-summary-label{gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap}
 .archive-disclosure>summary{min-height:68px}
 .archive-content{padding-bottom:22px}
}
@media(max-width:360px){
 .hero h1{font-size:35px}
 .reading-card .card-content{padding:20px}
 .reading-card h3{font-size:26px}
 .card-illustration{width:165px;height:124px;right:2px;bottom:0}
 .archive-summary-label{gap:4px;flex-direction:column;align-items:start}
}

/* Reading guidance and primary sources are compact reference rows, not more note cards. */
.method.method-compact{display:block;padding-block:27px 0;border-bottom:0}
.method-notice{font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);max-width:880px;margin:0 0 21px}
.reference-disclosure{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.reference-disclosure>summary{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;min-height:62px;list-style:none;cursor:pointer;padding:16px 0;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5}
.reference-disclosure>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}
.reference-disclosure>summary:hover{color:#496257}
.reference-toggle{font-size:23px;font-weight:400;line-height:1;width:27px;flex-shrink:0;text-align:center;transition:transform .18s}
.reference-disclosure[open] .reference-toggle{transform:rotate(45deg)}
.reference-content{padding-block:2px 24px}
.method-compact .method-intro{font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;max-width:850px;margin:0 0 20px}
.method-compact .method-steps{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:24px}
.method-compact .method-step{display:block}
.method-compact .method-step h3{font-size:12px}
.source-section.source-compact{padding-block:0 30px}
.source-compact .reference-disclosure{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.source-intro{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 20px}
.source-compact .source-link{min-height:44px}
@media(max-width:760px){
 .method.method-compact{padding-top:22px}
 .method-notice{font-size:11px;margin-bottom:18px}
 .reference-disclosure>summary{font-size:12px;min-height:62px;gap:15px}
 .reference-content{padding-bottom:20px}
 .method-compact .method-steps{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}
 .source-section.source-compact{padding-bottom:24px}
 .source-compact .source-list{gap:16px}
}

/* A quiet installation action; the browser owns the actual confirmation. */
.hero-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px 20px}
.install-button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:8px;min-height:44px;padding:10px 13px;border:1px solid #acb9ac;border-radius:4px;background:transparent;color:var(--ink);font-size:11px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.4}
.install-button svg{width:17px;height:17px;flex-shrink:0}
.install-button:hover{background:#edf1e4;border-color:#6f826f}
.install-button:disabled{opacity:.6}
.footer-install:empty{display:none}
.footer-install{margin-top:22px}
.install-dialog{width:min(480px,calc(100% - 32px));max-height:calc(100dvh - 40px);padding:0;border:1px solid #c8d0c3;border-radius:14px;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);box-shadow:0 18px 80px #142b3540;overflow:auto;overscroll-behavior:contain}
.install-dialog::backdrop{background:#142b3599}
.install-panel{position:relative;padding:30px}
.install-close{position:absolute;right:12px;top:12px;width:44px;height:44px;border:0;border-radius:50%;background:transparent;color:var(--ink);font-size:27px;line-height:1}
.install-close:hover{background:#e8eee8}
.install-app-icon{border-radius:13px;margin-bottom:20px}
.install-eyebrow{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:1.6px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 9px;color:#526753}
.install-dialog h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:31px;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-.8px;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 15px;max-width:330px}
.install-dialog p,.install-dialog li{font-size:12px;line-height:1.65}
.install-dialog #install-description{color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 19px}
.install-inapp-note{padding:12px 14px;background:#e8eee8;border-radius:5px;margin:0 0 18px}
.install-guides{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.install-guides details{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.install-guides summary{cursor:pointer;padding:14px 0;min-height:48px;font-size:12px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5}
.install-guides ol{margin:0 0 17px;padding-left:20px}
.install-guides li+li{margin-top:8px}
.install-guides details>p{margin:0 0 17px}
.install-dialog .install-footnote{font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);margin:18px 0 0}
.install-status{border-left:3px solid #718c41;padding-left:12px}
.install-native{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;width:100%;min-height:44px;padding:12px 15px;margin:0 0 18px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border:0;border-radius:4px;font-size:12px}
.install-native svg{width:17px;height:17px}
@media(max-width:760px){.hero-description{display:block}.hero-actions{margin-top:16px}.install-button{font-size:11px}.install-panel{padding:26px 22px}.install-dialog h2{font-size:29px}}
@media(display-mode:standalone){[data-install-control]{display:none!important}}
@media print{.install-button,.install-dialog{display:none!important}}

/* Email-only Buttondown subscription; no JavaScript or tracking events. */
.subscription-note{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.9fr) minmax(0,1.1fr);gap:32px;align-items:center;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:26px 0;margin-top:18px}
.subscription-copy{border-left:3px solid var(--lime);padding-left:18px}
.subscription-copy h2{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:27px;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-.5px;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 10px}
.subscription-copy p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin:0}
.subscription-entry{min-width:0}
.subscription-controls{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;gap:10px}
.subscription-field{min-width:0;flex:1}
.subscription-field label{display:block;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:7px}
.subscription-field input{width:100%;min-width:0;min-height:46px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:2px;background:var(--white);padding:11px 12px;font:13px var(--sans);color:var(--ink)}
.subscription-controls button{min-height:46px;border:1px solid var(--ink);border-radius:2px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:11px 14px;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;white-space:nowrap}
.subscription-controls :disabled{opacity:1;cursor:default;-webkit-text-fill-color:currentColor}
.subscription-field input::placeholder{color:var(--muted);opacity:1}
.subscription-help{font-size:10px;line-height:1.65;color:var(--muted);margin:11px 0 0}
.subscription-privacy,.subscription-offline{font-size:10px;line-height:1.65;color:var(--muted);margin:9px 0 0}.subscription-privacy a,.subscription-offline a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.subscription-field input:focus-visible,.subscription-controls button:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #8b543d;outline-offset:3px}.subscription-controls button:not(:disabled):hover{background:#1c343e}.subscription-controls button:not(:disabled){cursor:pointer}
@media(max-width:900px){.subscription-note{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.subscription-entry{max-width:620px}}
@media(max-width:480px){.subscription-note{padding:23px 0;gap:18px}.subscription-copy h2{font-size:25px}.subscription-controls{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:12px}.subscription-field input,.subscription-controls button{min-height:46px}.subscription-controls button{font-size:12px}.subscription-help{font-size:11px}}

/* Give the email field and submit action clear separation on phone-sized layouts. */
@media(max-width:760px){
 .subscription-controls{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:22px}
 .subscription-field{flex:none;width:100%}
 .subscription-field label{margin-bottom:11px}
 .subscription-field input{min-height:50px;font-size:16px}
 .subscription-controls button{min-height:50px;font-size:13px}
 .subscription-help{margin-top:14px}
}

/* A small decorative mail indicator, using the existing text color. */
.subscription-copy h2{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px}
.subscription-mail-icon{width:22px;height:22px;flex:0 0 22px;margin-top:4px}
.subscription-copy h2 span{min-width:0}

/* Keep the subscription block in the site's quiet editorial card language. */
.subscription-note{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--lime);border-radius:2px;padding:28px 30px;gap:34px;margin-top:24px}
.subscription-copy{border-left:0;padding-left:0}
.subscription-copy h2{margin-bottom:11px}
.subscription-copy p{line-height:1.65}
.subscription-field input{background:var(--paper)}
.subscription-controls button{background:var(--lime);border-color:var(--lime);color:var(--ink)}
.subscription-controls button:not(:disabled):hover{background:#e9f9b6;border-color:#e9f9b6}
@media(max-width:760px){
 .subscription-note{padding:24px 20px;gap:24px;margin-top:20px}
 .subscription-copy h2{font-size:25px;line-height:1.22}
 .subscription-copy p{font-size:12px}
 .subscription-help,.subscription-privacy{font-size:11px;line-height:1.7}
}

/* Keep Buttondown's real form and responses inside the existing editorial panel. */
.subscription-provider-frame{display:block;width:100%;height:240px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:2px;background:var(--white)}
.subscription-context-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 22px;margin:15px 0 0;font-size:11px;line-height:1.6}
.subscription-context-links a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px;min-height:44px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;padding-block:6px}
.subscription-return-body{min-height:100vh;display:grid;place-items:center;padding:28px 20px}
.subscription-return-card{width:min(100%,600px);border-top:3px solid var(--lime);padding:30px;background:var(--white)}
.subscription-return-card h1{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:38px;line-height:1.15;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.8px;margin:28px 0 15px}
.subscription-return-card>p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.7}
.subscription-return-link{display:inline-flex;gap:16px;align-items:center;background:var(--lime);color:var(--ink);font-size:13px;font-weight:700;min-height:48px;padding:13px 18px;margin-top:12px}
.subscription-return-link svg{width:17px;height:17px}
.subscription-return-card .subscription-return-disclosure{font-size:10px;margin-top:28px}
@media(max-width:760px){.subscription-provider-frame{height:240px}.subscription-context-links{gap:8px 18px}.subscription-return-card{padding:25px 21px}.subscription-return-card h1{font-size:32px}}

/* Project contact: a quiet, left-aligned footer line that wraps on mobile. */
.footer-contact{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:9px;margin:24px 0 0;font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);text-align:left}
.footer-contact svg{width:17px;height:17px;flex:0 0 17px;margin-top:2px;color:var(--ink)}
.footer-contact span{min-width:0}
.footer-contact a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}

